{"id":984,"date":"2022-09-08T00:02:16","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T00:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rse.is\/?p=984"},"modified":"2022-09-08T00:10:27","modified_gmt":"2022-09-08T00:10:27","slug":"frelsisvisitalan-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/2022\/09\/08\/frelsisvisitalan-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Frelsisv\u00edsitalan 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00cd n\u00fdrri sk\u00fdrslu Fraser Institute eru birtar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur <strong>al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legrar samanbur\u00f0arranns\u00f3knar \u00e1 efnahagslegu frelsi \u00ed heiminum<\/strong>. \u00dear kemur fram a\u00f0 \u00cdsland er \u00ed 20. s\u00e6ti \u00e1 lista 165 landa sem ranns\u00f3knin n\u00e6r til, en var \u00ed <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-palette-color-1-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/2022\/03\/29\/frelsisvisitalan-2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>23. s\u00e6ti \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021<\/strong><\/a> <\/mark>og <strong>29. s\u00e6ti \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020<\/strong>. Sta\u00f0a \u00cdslands helgast einkum af sterkum lagalegum og p\u00f3lit\u00edskum innvi\u00f0um, r\u00edkri vernd eignarr\u00e9ttar, en nokku\u00f0 \u00ed\u00feyngjandi regluverki \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptaumhverfi fyrirt\u00e6kja og \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i s\u00e9 bori\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur l\u00f6nd.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mest efnahagslegt frelsi r\u00edkir enn \u00ed Hong Kong samkv\u00e6mt sk\u00fdrslunni, \u00fear \u00e1 eftir kemur Singap\u00far, svo Sviss og N\u00fdja-Sj\u00e1land. \u00de\u00e1 koma Danm\u00f6rk, \u00c1stral\u00eda, Bandar\u00edkin, Eistland, M\u00e1rit\u00edus og \u00cdrland \u00ed s\u00e6tum fr\u00e1 5 til 10. Af \u00f6\u00f0rum Nor\u00f0urlanda\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um eru Finnar \u00ed 25. s\u00e6ti, Nor\u00f0menn \u00ed\u00a0 32. s\u00e6ti og Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 deilir 33. s\u00e6tinu me\u00f0 Austurr\u00edki og S\u00edle.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00deegar liti\u00f0 er til st\u00e6rstu hagkerfanna eru helstu ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur: Bandar\u00edkin \u00ed 7. s\u00e6ti, Japan \u00ed 12. s\u00e6ti, \u00de\u00fdskaland er \u00ed 25. s\u00e6ti, \u00cdtal\u00eda \u00ed 44. s\u00e6ti, Frakkland \u00ed 54. s\u00e6ti, Mex\u00edk\u00f3 \u00ed 64. s\u00e6ti, Indland \u00ed 89. S\u00e6ti, R\u00fassland \u00ed 94. s\u00e6ti, Brasil\u00eda \u00ed 114. s\u00e6ti og K\u00edna \u00ed 116. s\u00e6ti. Botn listans verma svo Simbabve, S\u00fadan og Venes\u00faela. (Athugi\u00f0 a\u00f0 har\u00f0stj\u00f3rnarr\u00edki eins og Nor\u00f0ur K\u00f3rea og K\u00faba er ekki ra\u00f0a\u00f0 h\u00e9r \u00fear sem g\u00f6gn eru ekki fyrir hendi.)&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br><strong>Hornsteinar efnahagslegs frelsis<\/strong>&nbsp;<br>Hornsteinar efnahagslegs frelsis eru samkv\u00e6mt sk\u00fdrslunni valfrelsi einstaklinga, vi\u00f0skiptafrelsi, samkeppnisfrelsi, sterkir lagalegir innvi\u00f0ir, a\u00f0gangur a\u00f0 traustum gjaldmi\u00f0li og vernd eignarr\u00e9ttar. V\u00edsitala atvinnufrelsis (index of economic freedom) r\u00e6\u00f0st af fimm meginsvi\u00f0um:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Umfangi opinbers reksturs, skatta og fyrirt\u00e6kja.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Lagalegu umhverfi og fri\u00f0helgi eignarr\u00e9ttar.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A\u00f0gangi a\u00f0 traustum peningum.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Frelsi til al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra vi\u00f0skipta.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Reglubyr\u00f0i \u00e1 fj\u00e1rmagns- og vinnumarka\u00f0i og um fyrirt\u00e6ki.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Innan \u00feessara fimm meginsvi\u00f0a eru s\u00ed\u00f0an 26 \u00fe\u00e6ttir, en sumir \u00feeirra eru s\u00ed\u00f0an a\u00f0greindir \u00ed enn frekari undir\u00fe\u00e6tti. \u00cd heildina er v\u00edsitalan \u00fev\u00ed sett saman \u00far 44 a\u00f0greindum breytum, og hvert svi\u00f0, \u00fe\u00e1ttur og undir\u00fe\u00e1ttur eru s\u00ed\u00f0an m\u00e6lt \u00e1 kvar\u00f0a 0 til 10 sem hv\u00edlir \u00e1 dreifingu undirliggjandi gagna. S\u00ed\u00f0an eru undir\u00fe\u00e6ttirnir vegnir i me\u00f0alt\u00f6l, og sl\u00edkt hi\u00f0 sama gildir um \u00fe\u00e6ttina og a\u00f0 lokum um hin fimm meginsvi\u00f0, og til ver\u00f0ur gildi fyrir hvert land. L\u00f6ndum er s\u00ed\u00f0an ra\u00f0a\u00f0 eftir einkunn, sem segir til um \u00ed hva\u00f0a m\u00e6li \u00feau fylgja stefnu sem lei\u00f0ir til efnahagslegs frelsis.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Einkunnir \u00cdslands \u00ed lykilflokkum eru eftirfarandi: (\u00e1 skalanum 1-10 \u00fear sem h\u00e6rri tala bendir til meira efnahagslegs frelsis.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Umfang hins opinbera: Einkunnin l\u00e6kkar \u00ed 5,74 \u00far 6,12 fr\u00e1 fyrra \u00e1ri. \u00cdsland er \u00ed 127. s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feessum flokki.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Lagaumhverfi og vernd eignarr\u00e9ttar: Einkunnin er 8,5, h\u00e6kkar \u00far 8,45 fr\u00e1 fyrra \u00e1ri. \u00cdsland situr \u00ed 6. s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feessum flokki.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A\u00f0gangur a\u00f0 traustum gjaldmi\u00f0li: Einkunnin h\u00e6kkar \u00ed 9,6 \u00far 9,55 fr\u00e1 fyrra \u00e1ri. \u00cdsland situr \u00ed 25. s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feessum flokki.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Frelsi til al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipta: Einkunnin l\u00e6kkar \u00ed 7,7 \u00far 7,73. \u00cdsland situr \u00ed 40. s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1laflokki.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Reglubyr\u00f0i: Einkunnin l\u00e6kkar \u00ed 7,1 \u00far 7,66 fr\u00e1 fyrra \u00e1ri. \u00cdsland situr \u00ed 78. s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feessum flokki. (Undirflokkar h\u00e9r eru: fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lamarka\u00f0ur, vinnumarka\u00f0ur og vi\u00f0skiptaumhverfi)&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00deegar sta\u00f0a \u00cdslands er metin og reynt a\u00f0 leggja d\u00f3m \u00e1 hvar umb\u00f3ta er \u00fe\u00f6rf, ver\u00f0ur annars vegar a\u00f0 l\u00edta til einkunna og hins vegar til al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legs samanbur\u00f0ar. L\u00e1gar einkunnir benda til mikilla takmarkana \u00e1 efnahagslegt frelsi, sem \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a er til a\u00f0 draga \u00far. Sl\u00e6m \u00fatkoma \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum samanbur\u00f0i \u00fear sem einkunnir eru samt ekki \u00fdkja l\u00e1gar bendir til \u00feess unnt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 gera betur.&nbsp;\u00de\u00e1 ver\u00f0ur l\u00edka a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a samanbur\u00f0arh\u00e6f g\u00f6gn svo ekki er um allra n\u00fdjustu uppl\u00fdsingar a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. N\u00fdjustu samanbur\u00f0arh\u00e6fu g\u00f6gnin eru fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2020 og er mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feau.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er einna br\u00fdnast fyrir \u00cdslendinga a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0ast \u00ed a\u00f0 minnka umsvif hins opinbera og minnka reglubyr\u00f0i. Umsvif hins opinbera eru t\u00f6luvert \u00e1hyggjuefni og hlutur opinberra a\u00f0ila \u00ed landsframlei\u00f0slunni eru mikil \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum samanbur\u00f0i. \u00de\u00e1 er reglubyr\u00f0i \u00e1 fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lamarka\u00f0i, vinnumarka\u00f0i og \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptaumhverfinu almennt fremur mikil. \u00cd \u00feessum tveimur flokkum er einkunn \u00cdslendinga \u00fev\u00ed l\u00e1g. \u00de\u00e1 er \u00cdsland a\u00f0eins \u00ed 40. s\u00e6ti \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 frelsi til al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipta, ef marka m\u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur sk\u00fdrslunnar. H\u00e9r vega tollar, v\u00f6rugj\u00f6ld og \u00f6nnur innflutningsh\u00f6ft nokku\u00f0, en einnig takmarkanir \u00e1 erlendum fj\u00e1rfestingum h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. Landi\u00f0 er enn of loka\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Meira efnahagslegt frelsi eykur l\u00edkur \u00e1 betri l\u00edfskj\u00f6rum<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Ranns\u00f3knir benda til a\u00f0 einstaklingar sem b\u00faa vi\u00f0 miki\u00f0 efnahagslegt frelsi, nj\u00f3ti almennt betri l\u00edfskjara, meira pers\u00f3nufrelsis og lifi lengur. H\u00e9r er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a m\u00e6lingar \u00e1 grundvallaratri\u00f0um sem frj\u00e1lsar og velmegandi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir byggja samf\u00e9l\u00f6g s\u00edn \u00e1. \u00deegar liti\u00f0 er \u00e1 \u00feau l\u00f6nd sem l\u00e6gstu einkunn hlj\u00f3ta \u00ed sk\u00fdrslunni kemur \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 \u00feau eiga sameiginlegt a\u00f0 vernd eignarr\u00e9ttar og sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i d\u00f3mst\u00f3la er l\u00edtt e\u00f0a ekki til sta\u00f0ar. Einstaklingurinn m\u00e1 s\u00edn \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edtils og samkv\u00e6mt \u00f6llum opinberum a\u00f0gengilegum ranns\u00f3knarg\u00f6gnum er t\u00e6plega h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tala um vels\u00e6ld \u00ed \u00feessum l\u00f6ndum.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Um Frelsisv\u00edsit\u00f6luna<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Sem fyrr greinir n\u00e6r ranns\u00f3knin til 165 lands. Mi\u00f0a\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingar fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2020, en fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1ri eru n\u00fdjustu samanbur\u00f0arh\u00e6fu g\u00f6gnin. \u00cd sk\u00fdrslunni eru jafnframt uppf\u00e6r\u00f0ar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur eldri sk\u00fdrslna \u00ed tilvikum \u00fear sem g\u00f6gnin hafa veri\u00f0 tekin til endursko\u00f0unar. Sk\u00fdrslunni ber a\u00f0 taka me\u00f0 \u00feessum fyrirvara, sem fylgir einatt almennar samanbur\u00f0arranns\u00f3knum af \u00feessu tagi. Hins vegar veitir \u00feessi sk\u00fdrsla, sem er ein s\u00fa vanda\u00f0asta sinnar tegundar, g\u00f3\u00f0ar v\u00edsbendingar um efnahagslegt frelsi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum samanbur\u00f0i og \u00fer\u00f3un \u00feess \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fraserinstitute.org\/studies\/economic-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Sk\u00fdrsluna \u00ed heild sinni m\u00e1 n\u00e1lgast h\u00e9r \u00e1 rafr\u00e6nu formi<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c1rssk\u00fdrslan er unnin undir stj\u00f3rn <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fraserinstitute.org\/economic-freedom\/map?geozone=world&amp;year=2019&amp;page=map\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Fraser stofnunarinnar \u00ed Kanada<\/strong><\/a> \u00ed samstarfi sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ra ranns\u00f3knar- og fr\u00e6\u00f0slustofnana \u00ed um \u00ed 100 l\u00f6ndum sem tengjast b\u00f6ndum \u00ed gegnum Samstarfsnet um efnahagslegt frelsi. RSE er a\u00f0ili a\u00f0 samstarfsnetinu.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">08.09.2022<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd n\u00fdrri sk\u00fdrslu Fraser Institute eru birtar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legrar samanbur\u00f0arranns\u00f3knar \u00e1 efnahagslegu frelsi \u00ed heiminum. \u00dear kemur fram a\u00f0 \u00cdsland er \u00ed 20. s\u00e6ti \u00e1 lista 165 landa sem ranns\u00f3knin n\u00e6r til, en var \u00ed 23. s\u00e6ti \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021 og 29. s\u00e6ti \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020. Sta\u00f0a \u00cdslands helgast einkum af sterkum lagalegum og p\u00f3lit\u00edskum innvi\u00f0um, r\u00edkri [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"brizy-blank-template.php","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-skyrslur","category-utgafur"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"aioseo_notices":[],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=984"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1003,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984\/revisions\/1003"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/995"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=984"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rse.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}